Set of tables for speciation:
Volatile organic compounds for RADM2
Volatile organic compounds for CBMZ
Volatile organic compounds for MOZART
volatile organic compounds for SAPRC99
Vehicular volatile organic compounds for RADM2 (MOL)
Vehicular volatile organic compounds for CBMZ (MOL)
Vehicular volatile organic compounds for MOZART (MOL)
Vehicular volatile organic compounds for SAPRC99 (MOL)
Particulate matter for made/sorgan
Fine particulate matter for made/sorgan
Nox split Perez Martínez et al (2014)
Nox split usin Ntziachristos and Zamaras (2016)
Volatile organic compounds species from EDGAR 4.3.2 for RADM2 (MOL)
Volatile organic compounds species from EDGAR 4.3.2 for MOZART (MOL)
- Volatile organic compounds species map from 1 to 4 are from Li et al (2014) taken into account several sources of pollutants.
- Volatile organic compounds from vehicular activity species map 5 to 8 is a by fuel and emission process from USP-IAG tunel experiments (Rafee et al., 2017) emited by the process of exhaust (through the exhaust pipe), liquid (carter and evaporative) and vapor (fuel transfer operations).
- Particulate matter speciesmap for made/sorgan emissions 9 and 10.
- Nox split using Perez Martínez et al (2014) data (11).
- Nox split using mean of Ntziachristos and Zamaras (2016) data (12).
- Volatile organic compounds species map 13 and 14 are the corespondence from EDGAR 4.3.2 VOC specialization to RADM2 and MOZART.
data(species)List of numeric vectors with the 'names()' of the species and the values of each species.
iag-voc: After estimating all the emissions of NMHC, it was used the speciation presented in (RAFEE et al., 2017). This speciation is based on tunnel measurements in São Paulo, depends on the type of fuel (E25, E100 and B5) and provides the mass of each chemical compound as mol/g. This speciation splits the NMHC from evaporative, liquid and exhaust emissions of E25, E100 and B5, into minimum compounds required for the Carbon Bond Mechanism (CBMZ) (ZAVERI; PETERS, 1999). Atmospheric simulations using the same pollutants in Brazil have resulted in good agreement with observations (ANDRADE et al., 2015).
iag-pm: data tunnel experiments at São Paulo in Perez Martínez et al (2014)
iag-nox: common NOx split for São Paulo Metropolitan area.
bcom-nox: mean of Ntziachristos and Zamaras (2016) data.
mic: from Li et al (2014).
edgar: Edgar 4.3.2 emissions Crippa et al. (2018).
The units are mass ratio (mass/mass) or MOL (MOL), this last case do not change the default 'mm' into 'emission()' function.
Li, M., Zhang, Q., Streets, D. G., He, K. B., Cheng, Y. F., Emmons, L. K., ... & Su, H. (2014). Mapping Asian anthropogenic emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds to multiple chemical mechanisms. Atmos. Chem. Phys, 14(11), 5617-5638.
Huang, G., Brook, R., Crippa, M., Janssens-Maenhout, G., Schieberle, C., Dore, C., ... & Friedrich, R. (2017). Speciation of anthropogenic emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds: a global gridded data set for 1970–2012. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 17(12), 7683.
Abou Rafee, S. A., Martins, L. D., Kawashima, A. B., Almeida, D. S., Morais, M. V. B., Souza, R. V. A., Oliveira, M. B. L., Souza, R. A. F., Medeiros, A. S. S., Urbina, V., Freitas, E. D., Martin, S. T., and Martins, J. A.: Contributions of mobile, stationary and biogenic sources to air pollution in the Amazon rainforest: a numerical study with the WRF-Chem model, Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 7977-7995, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-7977-2017, 2017.
Martins, L. D., Andrade, M. F. D., Freitas, E., Pretto, A., Gatti, L. V., Junior, O. M. A., et al. (2006). Emission factors for gas-powered vehicles traveling through road tunnels in Sao Paulo, Brazil. Environ. Sci. Technol. 40, 6722–6729. doi: 10.1021/es052441u
Pérez-Martínez, P. J., Miranda, R. M., Nogueira, T., Guardani, M. L., Fornaro, A., Ynoue, R., & Andrade, M. F. (2014). Emission factors of air pollutants from vehicles measured inside road tunnels in São Paulo: case study comparison. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 11(8), 2155-2168.
ANDRADE, M. d. F. et al. Air quality forecasting system for southeastern brazil. Frontiers in Environmental Science, Frontiers, v. 3, p. 1–12, 2015.
Crippa, M., Guizzardi, D., Muntean, M., Schaaf, E., Dentener, F., Aardenne, J. A. V., ... & Janssens-Maenhout, G. (2018). Gridded emissions of air pollutants for the period 1970–2012 within EDGAR v4.3.2. Earth System Science Data, 10(4), 1987-2013.
speciation and read
# load the mapping tables
data(species)
# names of eath mapping tables
for(i in 1:length(names(species)))
cat(paste0("specie map ",i," ",names(species)[i],"\n"))
#> specie map 1 voc_radm2_mic
#> specie map 2 voc_cbmz_mic
#> specie map 3 voc_moz_mic
#> specie map 4 voc_saprc99_mic
#> specie map 5 veicularvoc_radm2_iag
#> specie map 6 veicularvoc_cbmz_iag
#> specie map 7 veicularvoc_cb05_iag
#> specie map 8 veicularvoc_moz_iag
#> specie map 9 pm_madesorgan_iag
#> specie map 10 pm25_madesorgan_iag
#> specie map 11 nox_iag
#> specie map 12 nox_bcom
#> specie map 13 voc_radm2_edgar432
#> specie map 14 voc_moze_dgar432
# names of species contained in the (first) mapping table
names(species[[1]])
#> [1] "E_ALD" "E_KET" "E_TOL" "E_XYL" "E_OLT" "E_OLI"
#> [7] "E_OL2" "E_HCHO" "E_ETH" "E_CH3OH" "E_C2H5OH" "E_HC3"
#> [13] "E_HC5"
# The first mapping table / species and values
species[1]
#> $voc_radm2_mic
#> E_ALD E_KET E_TOL E_XYL E_OLT E_OLI
#> 0.014285714 0.011038961 0.102272727 0.102272727 0.024675325 0.024675325
#> E_OL2 E_HCHO E_ETH E_CH3OH E_C2H5OH E_HC3
#> 0.047402597 0.007142857 0.050649351 0.002597403 0.035064935 0.074025974
#> E_HC5
#> 0.503896104
#>